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Maya Singh

Prevalence, diagnosis, treatment and control of hypertension, diabetes and their co-occurrence, and its correlates in India using NFHS-5 data

Hypertension and diabetes are the two most prevalent
non-communicable diseases in India, and their exposure is increasing fast with time. In the present study,
an attempt is made to assess its prevalence (P), diagnosis
(D), treatment (T) and control (C) in three mutually
exclusive groups of individuals aged 30–79 who are only
hypertensive (OH), individual with only diabetes (OD)
and hypertensive as well as individual with diabetes
(HD) and its correlates based on fifth round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) with the help of
chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression. The
prevalence, diagnosis, treatment and control (PDTC)
rates of the disease among OH were 21.7%, 26.9%,
23% and 10.7% respectively, and it was 11.4%, 17.1%,
16.4% and 5.1% among OD, followed by 9.9%, 24.6%,
22.4% and 3.1% among HD. They also exhibited significant associations (P-value < 0.05) and risks, such that
rural (odds ratio (OR): 0.628), and female OR: 0.876)
had a lower risk of coexistence compared to urban and
male respectively. Individuals who were divorced (OR:
1.137), age group 70-79 (OR: 7.468), smokers (OR:
1.71) and consuming alcohol (OR: 1.100), as well as
those overweighed, had a higher chance of HD. In conclusion, addressing these risk factors with association
and the geographical distribution of PDTC of HD in
India could potentially enhance public health in the
region.

Subjects--Facted Index Terms:
Diabetes, hypertension
risk factor
odds ratio
multivariate logistic regression