Amandeep Singh <br/><br/>
Epigenetic DNA methylation markers: a non-invasive diagnostic approach for urinary bladder cancer 

 - P 398-403 
<br/><br/> Urinary bladder cancer (UBC) has high recurrence<br/>rates, making early detection vital. Promoter DNA<br/>methylation of CALCA, CCNA1 and P16 genes can<br/>serve as non-invasive biomarkers. The objective of the<br/>present study is to evaluate the promoter methylation<br/>status of CCNA1, CALCA and P16 genes in the blood of<br/>UBC patients compared to controls, and to explore<br/>their utility as non-invasive biomarkers. Blood samples<br/>from 169 participants, including 89 UBC patients and<br/>80 controls, were analysed. Blood samples were collected, DNA was extracted for bisulphite conversion,<br/>followed by methylation-specific polymerase chain<br/>reaction (PCR). Statistical analyses determined the<br/>association between methylation status and clinical<br/>features. Methylation was detected in CCNA1 (66.2%),<br/>CALCA (53.9%), and P16 (72%) in UBC patients, significantly higher than in controls. Combined analysis<br/>of these three genes provided a sensitivity of 85% and<br/>specificity of 80% for UBC detection. Blood-based<br/>methylation of CCNA1, CALCA and P16 genes emerged<br/>as a promising non-invasive biomarker for early UBC<br/>detection. Further validation in larger cohorts is required. 
<br/><br/><label>Subjects--Facted Index Terms: </label><br/>DNA methylation<br/>methylation-specific PCR<br/>non-invasive biomarkers<br/>urinary bladder cancer