Climate change is increasingly influencing energy
resources across the globe, and its effects on renewable
energy sources like offshore wind and wave power are
becoming crucial topics of study. India, with its extensive coastline and vast exclusive economic zone (EEZ),
has significant potential for harnessing these oceanbased renewable energies. By analysing the localised
nature of offshore winds and their sensitivity to climate variations, we can improve predictions of future
wind power output. Therefore, to sustain wind energy
development within India’s EEZ, it’s essential to evaluate the region’s wave energy potential and its vulnerability to climate change. This paper investigates the
potential for offshore wind energy within the Indian
EEZ and assesses its vulnerability to climate change.
Spatial and temporal wave data such as wave period
and wave height are collected from Copernicus Marine
Data Store to generate the wave power layer and validate the proposed U-Net model. For improvement
of data quality, assimilation techniques such as the
Kalman filter and Bilateral filter are used. For finding
the wave power density hotspot region, the semantic
segmentation is performed using an enhanced U-Net
model. The model archives an impressive IoU score of
82.66%, conforming its accuracy to identify the wave
power density hotspots. To analyse the impact of climate change on wave power potentials, the Pearson
correlation technique is used to correlate between
ocean surface salinity and ocean surface temperature.
The r value of correlation between ocean surface temperature and ocean surface salinity ranges from –0.59
to –0.0 and indicates a weak, moderate inverse relationship, the positive range varies from 0.01 to 0.62,
suggest that a weak to strong positive correlation,
where both temperature and salinity tend to increase
together. In the case of temperature and wave power
density, there is a negative correlation from June to
October, influenced by seasonal temperature variation
due to rainfall and it effects to correlate with wave
power density.